2D Gapless Topological Superfluids Generated by Gauge Phases in a Rydberg Fermi Gas

jiapei zhuang^1*, Ching-Yu Huang², Po-Yao Chang^1,5, Daw-Wei Wang^1,3,4,5

¹Physics Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
²Physics Department, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
³Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
⁴Center for Quantum Technology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
⁵Center for Theory and Computation, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

* Presenter:jiapei zhuang, email:jpzhuangphy@gmail.com

We systematically investigate the ground state phase diagram and the finite temperature phase transitions for a Rydberg-dressed Fermi gas loaded in a bilayer optical lattice. When an effective finite-ranged attraction is induced, our self-consistent meanfield calculation shows that the gapped topological ( p-wave) superfluids in each layer are coupled together via s-wave pairing in an intermediate inter-layer distance by spontaneously modulating the relative gauge phases of these two order parameters. The obtained ground state is a gapless topological superfluid with finite topological charges around the Weyl points, leading to a zero energy flat band at the edges. Finally, we calculate the finite temperature phase diagrams of this 2D gapless superfluid and observe two distinct critical temperatures, demonstrating the fruitful many-body effects on a paired topological superfluid.

Keywords: Topological superfluids, Majorana fermions, Topological superconductors, Atom-Molecular Optical Physics